{"id":34176,"date":"2021-09-10T11:44:56","date_gmt":"2021-09-10T09:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/foretnature.be\/resume-foret-mail\/lintensification-de-lutilisation-des-terres-provoque-lhomogeneisation-des-prairies\/"},"modified":"2021-09-10T11:44:56","modified_gmt":"2021-09-10T09:44:56","slug":"lintensification-de-lutilisation-des-terres-provoque-lhomogeneisation-des-prairies","status":"publish","type":"resume-foret-mail","link":"https:\/\/foretnature.be\/en\/resume-foret-mail\/lintensification-de-lutilisation-des-terres-provoque-lhomogeneisation-des-prairies\/","title":{"rendered":"L’intensification de l’utilisation des terres provoque l’homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation des prairies"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’intensification de l’utilisation des terres est un facteur majeur de perte de la biodiversit\u00e9. En plus de la r\u00e9duction de la diversit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces locales (diversit\u00e9 alpha – \u00a0 \u03b1\u00a0), l’homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation \u00e0 des \u00e9chelles spatiales plus vastes est tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9occupante. Cette homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation signifie une diminution de la diversit\u00e9 \u03b2 (la diff\u00e9rence de composition sp\u00e9cifique entre les sites).
\nUne \u00e9tude men\u00e9e en Allemagne a analys\u00e9 le lien entre l\u2019intensification de l\u2019utilisation des terres locales et la perte de diversit\u00e9 \u03b2 \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une base de donn\u00e9es sur la biodiversit\u00e9 des prairies. Il s\u2019av\u00e8re que cette intensification de l\u2019utilisation des terres, et en particulier la tonte intensive, entra\u00eene des effets constants sur la diversit\u00e9 entre les groupes, ce qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 une homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation des microorganismes du sol, des pathog\u00e8nes fongiques, des plantes et des arthropodes. Cela sugg\u00e8re une perte d’esp\u00e8ces sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es et constitue une preuve suppl\u00e9mentaire de l’homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation biotique.
\nLes effets n\u00e9gatifs constants de l\u2019intensification de l\u2019utilisation des terres sur la biodiversit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle du paysage soulignent l\u2019importance des prairies g\u00e9r\u00e9es de mani\u00e8re extensive pour la conservation de la biodiversit\u00e9 multitrophique et la fourniture des services \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques. En effet, l’homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation biotique (plut\u00f4t que la perte de diversit\u00e9 locale) pourrait s’av\u00e9rer \u00eatre la cons\u00e9quence la plus importante de l’intensification de l’utilisation des terres.
\nGossner M. M., Lewinsohn T.M., Kahl T. et al.\u00a0(2016). Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenization of grassland communities. Nature\u00a0540 :\u00a0266-269 ( photo : Zlikovec-Fotolia).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’intensification de l’utilisation des terres est un facteur majeur de perte de la biodiversit\u00e9. En plus de la r\u00e9duction de la diversit\u00e9 des esp\u00e8ces locales (diversit\u00e9 alpha – \u00a0 \u03b1\u00a0), l’homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation \u00e0 des \u00e9chelles spatiales plus vastes est tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9occupante. Cette homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation signifie une diminution de la diversit\u00e9 \u03b2 (la diff\u00e9rence de composition sp\u00e9cifique entre […]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[50],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'intensification de l'utilisation des terres provoque l'homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation des prairies - For\u00eat.Nature<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/foretnature.be\/en\/resume-foret-mail\/lintensification-de-lutilisation-des-terres-provoque-lhomogeneisation-des-prairies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'intensification de l'utilisation des terres provoque l'homog\u00e9n\u00e9isation des prairies - For\u00eat.Nature\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L’intensification de l’utilisation des terres est un facteur majeur de perte de la biodiversit\u00e9. 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