{"id":33334,"date":"2021-07-19T09:00:01","date_gmt":"2021-07-19T07:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gjkkadksm.preview.infomaniak.website\/?post_type=resume-foret-mail&p=33334"},"modified":"2021-07-19T09:00:01","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T07:00:01","slug":"la-vie-sociale-de-la-foret","status":"publish","type":"resume-foret-mail","link":"https:\/\/foretnature.be\/en\/resume-foret-mail\/la-vie-sociale-de-la-foret\/","title":{"rendered":"La vie sociale de la for\u00eat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Scientifique pionni\u00e8re dans le domaine de la communication entre les arbres, Suzanne Simard est l\u2019auteure du terme \u00ab The Wood-Wide Web \u00bb (le r\u00e9seau cach\u00e9 de la for\u00eat), titre de son article de fin de th\u00e8se dans la revue Nature en 1997.<\/p>\n

Tout part d\u2019un constat. Pourquoi les jeunes arbres plant\u00e9s suite \u00e0 une grande mise \u00e0 blanc, qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de place et de lumi\u00e8re, sont-ils plus vuln\u00e9rables aux maladies et aux stress climatiques que les arbres des for\u00eats anciennes ? Suzanne Simard cherche la r\u00e9ponse dans le sol.<\/p>\n

Les arbres et les champignons s\u2019associent, ils forment des mycorhizes. Le champignon enveloppe les racines fines de l\u2019arbre et l\u2019aide \u00e0 extraire de l\u2019eau et des nutriments. En \u00e9change, l\u2019arbre partage du sucre produit par photosynth\u00e8se avec le champignon.<\/p>\n

Les recherches en laboratoire avaient d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que les mycorhizes connectent \u00e9galement les plantes entre elles. Suzanne Simard a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 ces associations sur le terrain. Lors de sa th\u00e8se, elle a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que le douglas et le bouleau s\u2019entraident gr\u00e2ce au r\u00e9seau mycorhizien. \u00a0En \u00e9t\u00e9, lorsque les jeunes douglas sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement ombrag\u00e9s, les bouleaux leur transmettent du sucre. En l’automne, alors que le douglas, \u00e0 feuilles persistantes, pousse encore et que le bouleau perd ses feuilles, le flux net est invers\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Sucre, eau, \u00e9l\u00e9ments min\u00e9raux, hormones et signaux d’alarme voyagent \u00e0 travers ce circuit souterrain. L\u2019article nous emm\u00e8ne \u00e0 la d\u00e9couverte de la vie sociale de la for\u00eat, en compagnie de Suzanne Simard.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scientifique pionni\u00e8re dans le domaine de la communication entre les arbres, Suzanne Simard est l\u2019auteure du terme \u00ab The Wood-Wide Web \u00bb (le r\u00e9seau cach\u00e9 de la for\u00eat), titre de son article de fin de th\u00e8se dans la revue Nature en 1997. Tout part d\u2019un constat. Pourquoi les jeunes arbres plant\u00e9s suite \u00e0 une grande […]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[50],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa vie sociale de la for\u00eat - For\u00eat.Nature<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/foretnature.be\/en\/resume-foret-mail\/la-vie-sociale-de-la-foret\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La vie sociale de la for\u00eat - For\u00eat.Nature\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scientifique pionni\u00e8re dans le domaine de la communication entre les arbres, Suzanne Simard est l\u2019auteure du terme \u00ab The Wood-Wide Web \u00bb (le r\u00e9seau cach\u00e9 de la for\u00eat), titre de son article de fin de th\u00e8se dans la revue Nature en 1997. 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